Example Queries - Cannabinoids

What are the side effects of cannabis?

	Side Effects / Interactions
Côté et al. (2016): Improving Quality of Life With Nabilone During Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial	No differences for sleepiness (p=0.32), anxiety (p=0.92) and xerostomia (p=0.83) No differences for sleepiness (p=0.32), anxiety (p=0.92) and xerostomia (p=0.83)
Fallon et al. (2017) I: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Overall 68% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=64 (32.2%), of which somnolence n=18 (9%), dizziness n=15 (7.5%), nausea n=10 (5%) 2 severe side effects associated with intervention: 1x constipation (with 360mg/day morphine equivalents), 1x moderate disorientation and somnolence on day 4 (with 2.5 daily sprays of Sativex) None of the deaths related to intervention Overall 64% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=41 (20.7%), of which somnolence n=6 (3%), dizziness n=6 (3%), nausea n=8 (4%) 2 severe side effects associated with intervention: 1x constipation (with 360mg/day morphine equivalents), 1x moderate disorientation and somnolence on day 4 (with 2.5 daily sprays of Sativex) None of the deaths related to intervention
Fallon et al. (2017) II: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Part A Overall 60% at least one event, assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=128, 31.7%, somnolence (n=42, 10.4%), nausea (n=21, 5.2%) and dizziness (n=21, 5.2%) Part B Overall 72% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=16, 15.5%; somnolence (n=6, 5.8%) More than twice as many patients in Sativex arm discontinued study due to side effects (n=14, 13.6% vs. n=6, 5.8%); no statistical comparison given) None of the deaths related to intervention Part A Overall 60% at least one event, assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=128, 31.7%, somnolence (n=42, 10.4%), nausea (n=21, 5.2%) and dizziness (n=21, 5.2%) Part B Overall 62% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=12, 11.7%; somnolence n=0
Grimison et al. (2020): Oral THC:CBD cannabis extract for refractory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II crossover trial	Moderate or severe cannabinoid-related side effects in intervention arm and placebo arm (31% vs. 7%, p=0.002): Significant differences for sedation (19% vs. 4%, p=0.002) and dizziness (10% vs. 1%, p=0.03) No differences for disorientation (p=0.5) and anxiety (p=1.00) No cannabinoid-related serious adverse events reported 83% of the participants preferred cannabis over placebo and 15% had a preference for placebo (p<0.001) Moderate or severe cannabinoid-related side effects in intervention arm and placebo arm (31% vs. 7%, p=0.002): Significant differences for sedation (19% vs. 4%, p=0.002) and dizziness (10% vs. 1%, p=0.03) No differences for disorientation (p=0.5) and anxiety (p=1.00) No cannabinoid-related serious adverse events reported 83% of the participants preferred cannabis over placebo and 15% had a preference for placebo (p<0.001)
Jatoi et al. (2002): Dronabinol Versus Megestrol Acetate Versus Combination Therapy for Cancer-Associated Anorexia: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group Study	Impotence in 18 % of men; vomiting; fluid retention; confused thinking; drowsiness; loss of coordination; inappropriate behavior Impotence in 4% of men; vomiting; fluid retention; confused thinking; drowsiness; loss of coordination; inappropriate behavior Impotence in 14% of men; vomiting; fluid retention; confused thinking; drowsiness; loss of coordination; inappropriate behavior
... further results

	Intervention	Dosage and regime	Side Effects / Interactions
Côté et al. (2016): Improving Quality of Life With Nabilone During Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial	Placebo + all patients: additional administration of antiemetics (metoclopramide) and painkillers (acetaminophen (paracetamol), codeine, hydromorphone or transdermal fentanyl) possible	Placebo tablets once a day before radiotherapy in the first week twice a day in the second week third week until end of radiotherapy: adjusted by radiation oncologist up to maximal 4 tablets	No differences for sleepiness (p=0.32), anxiety (p=0.92) and xerostomia (p=0.83)
Côté et al. (2016): Improving Quality of Life With Nabilone During Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial	Nabilon + all patients: additional administration of antiemetics (metoclopramide) and painkillers (acetaminophen (paracetamol), codeine, hydromorphone or transdermal fentanyl) possible	0.5 mg nabilone tablets (from Valeant Canada) once a day before radiotherapy in the first week twice a day in the second week third week until end of radiotherapy: adjusted by radiation oncologist up to maximal 4 tablets	No differences for sleepiness (p=0.32), anxiety (p=0.92) and xerostomia (p=0.83)
Fallon et al. (2017) I: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Sativex	Sativex® (Nabiximol, THC 27 mg/mL, CBD 25 mg/mL) via oral spray (self-applied by patient) week 1: dose finding; week 2-5: stable dose, max. 10 sprays first week mean number of sprays: 3.7, stabilized over 4 weeks (6.3 sprays per day)	Overall 68% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=64 (32.2%), of which somnolence n=18 (9%), dizziness n=15 (7.5%), nausea n=10 (5%) 2 severe side effects associated with intervention: 1x constipation (with 360mg/day morphine equivalents), 1x moderate disorientation and somnolence on day 4 (with 2.5 daily sprays of Sativex) None of the deaths related to intervention
Fallon et al. (2017) I: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Placebo	First week mean number of sprays 3.7, stabilized over 4 weeks (7.4 sprays per day)	Overall 64% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=41 (20.7%), of which somnolence n=6 (3%), dizziness n=6 (3%), nausea n=8 (4%) 2 severe side effects associated with intervention: 1x constipation (with 360mg/day morphine equivalents), 1x moderate disorientation and somnolence on day 4 (with 2.5 daily sprays of Sativex) None of the deaths related to intervention
Fallon et al. (2017) II: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Placebo	Week 1: dose finding; week 2-5: stable dose, max. 10 sprays Part A: first week average number of sprays: 3.6, second week: 6.4 Part B: average daily number: 6.3	Part A Overall 60% at least one event, assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=128, 31.7%, somnolence (n=42, 10.4%), nausea (n=21, 5.2%) and dizziness (n=21, 5.2%) Part B Overall 62% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=12, 11.7%; somnolence n=0
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What is cannabis recommended for/against?

No results found.

What is the optimal dosage of cannabis for the treatment of nausea?

	Outcome name	Outcome specification	Dosage and regime
Côté et al. (2016): Improving Quality of Life With Nabilone During Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial	Nausea	Nausea with questionnaire (no further information) + number of antiemetic drugs used
Grimison et al. (2020): Oral THC:CBD cannabis extract for refractory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II crossover trial	CINV (Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting)	Self-reported "complete response" ("no vomiting", "no clinically significant nausea", defined as nausea <2 on a 10-point scale, and "no use of emergency medication") during the acute (0-24 h), delayed (24-120 h) and general phase (0-120 h) of chemotherapy with diary day -1 to 6 of each cycle)
Grimison et al. (2020): Oral THC:CBD cannabis extract for refractory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II crossover trial	CINV (Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting)	Complete response, no vomiting or emergency medication 0-120h of chemotherapy
Johnson et al. (2010): Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of THC:CBD extract and THC extract in patients with intractable cancer-related pain	Nausea	Nausea
Strasser et al. (2006): Comparison of orally administered cannabis extract and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in treating patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome: a multicenter, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (…)	Nausea	Measured daily

Side effects of Cannabis in placebo-controlled studies -- arm-based

	Intervention	Side Effects / Interactions
Côté et al. (2016): Improving Quality of Life With Nabilone During Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial	Placebo + all patients: additional administration of antiemetics (metoclopramide) and painkillers (acetaminophen (paracetamol), codeine, hydromorphone or transdermal fentanyl) possible	No differences for sleepiness (p=0.32), anxiety (p=0.92) and xerostomia (p=0.83)
Fallon et al. (2017) I: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Placebo	Overall 64% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=41 (20.7%), of which somnolence n=6 (3%), dizziness n=6 (3%), nausea n=8 (4%) 2 severe side effects associated with intervention: 1x constipation (with 360mg/day morphine equivalents), 1x moderate disorientation and somnolence on day 4 (with 2.5 daily sprays of Sativex) None of the deaths related to intervention
Fallon et al. (2017) II: Sativex oromucosal spray as adjunctive therapy in advanced cancer patients with chronic pain unalleviated by optimized opioid therapy: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies	Placebo	Part A Overall 60% at least one event, assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=128, 31.7%, somnolence (n=42, 10.4%), nausea (n=21, 5.2%) and dizziness (n=21, 5.2%) Part B Overall 62% at least one event; assessed as probably intervention-associated with frequency ≥ 5%: Total n=12, 11.7%; somnolence n=0
Grimison et al. (2020): Oral THC:CBD cannabis extract for refractory chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II crossover trial	Placebo	Moderate or severe cannabinoid-related side effects in intervention arm and placebo arm (31% vs. 7%, p=0.002): Significant differences for sedation (19% vs. 4%, p=0.002) and dizziness (10% vs. 1%, p=0.03) No differences for disorientation (p=0.5) and anxiety (p=1.00) No cannabinoid-related serious adverse events reported 83% of the participants preferred cannabis over placebo and 15% had a preference for placebo (p<0.001)
Johnson et al. (2010): Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of THC:CBD extract and THC extract in patients with intractable cancer-related pain	Placebo	NI
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