Example Queries
What are the indications for taking selenium?
| Outcome name | Results during intervention | Overall RoB judgment | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asfour et al. (2006): Effect of high-dose sodium selenite therapy on polymorphonuclear leukocyte apoptosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients | Ejection fraction | After chemotherapy (8 days): significantly better cardiac ejection fraction in sodium selenite arm (mean(SD)= 63(6%)) vs. control arm (69(6%)); p <0.05 | high risk |
| Asfour et al. (2006): Effect of high-dose sodium selenite therapy on polymorphonuclear leukocyte apoptosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients | Toxicity | After chemotherapy (8 days): significant less infections in sodium selenite arm (20%) compared to control arm (67%); p<0.05 | high risk |
| Büntzel et al. (2010): Limited effects of selenium in the prevention of radiation-associated toxicities - results of a randomized study in head neck cancer patients | Toxicity | Maximum toxicity intervention vs. control arm: dysphagia 22.7% vs. 35.3%, ageusia 22.7% vs. 47.1%, xerostomia 22.7% vs. 23.5%, and stomatitis 36.4% vs. 23.5%; no significant differences; Significant mean difference between arms only for dysphagia at week 7: mean intervention arm 1.533 vs. control 2.167 (p=0.05) | some concerns |
| ... further results | |||
Welche Nebenwirkungen hat Curcumin?
Hilft Curcumin gegen Übelkeit?
Keine Ergebnisse gefunden.
Verbessert Vitamin D die Osteoporose?
Keine Ergebnisse gefunden.
In welcher Dosis sollte Vitamin D eingenommen werden?
| Dosage and regime | Side Effects / Interactions | |
|---|---|---|
| Akiba et al. (2018): Vitamin D Supplementation and Survival of Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial | Two capsules of vitamin D3 (total 1,200 IU/day), for 12 months Two capsule form and identical in appearance and taste, containing sesame oil, gelatin derived from swine, and glycerin, for 12 months | According to authors no side effects According to authors no side effects |
| Antunac et al. (2018): Vitamin D Supplementation and Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer | Cholecalciferol 2000 IU daily, for 2 years or until death, whichever came first Only standard chemotherapy | NI NI |
| Attia et al. (2008): Randomized, Double-Blinded Phase II Evaluation of Docetaxel with or without Doxercalciferol in Patients with Metastatic, Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer | Supplied by Genzyme as 2.5 μg soft gel capsules,10 μg (i.e., four capsules of 2.5 μg) of doxercalciferol orally each day of the chemotherapy cycles before breakfast and at the same time,
Duration: for 1-12 cycles of chemotherapy (each cycle: 28 days), median duration: 6 cycles | Hypercalcemia, grade ≥2 calcium, nephrolithiasis, diarrhea Grade ≥2 creatinine, neohrolithiasis, neutropenia |
| Beer et al. (2007): Double-blinded randomized study of high-dose calcitriol plus docetaxel compared with placebo plus docetaxel in androgen-independent prostate cancer: a report from the ASCENT Investigators | DN-101 (45 μg) orally (high concentration formulation of calcitriol), weekly for 3 consecutive weeks of a 4-week cycle Placebo orally (high concentration formulation of calcitriol), weekly for 3 consecutive weeks of a 4-week cycle | No increase in toxicity was seen with the addition of DN-101 to docetaxel ? |
| Brown et al. (2019): Effect of High-Dose vs Standard-Dose Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Body Composition among Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial | A loading dose of 8000 IU/d of vitamin D3 (two 4000 IU capsules) for cycle 1 followed by 4000 IU/d for subsequent cycles 400 IU/d of vitamin D3 during all cycles (one 400 IU capsule plus 1 placebo capsule during cycle 1) | NI NI |
| ... further results | ||
Für/gegen was ist die Einnahme von Aloe empfehlenswert?
| Outcome name | Outcome specification | Results during intervention | Overall RoB judgment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heggie et al. (2002): A phase III study on the efficacy of topical aloe vera gel on irradiated breast tissue | Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity | Erythema
Weekly skin assessments were completed and recorded by a research nurse. Erythema was rated as 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe. Extent of treatment area affected by dry desquamation and/or moist desquamation was recorded as 0-100% and was divided into the following intervals (>1%, >25%, >50%). Areas affected by moist desquamation were also identified according to site, ie, sternum, axilla, inframammary fold, upper inner quadrant, upper outer quadrant, lower inner quadrant, or lower outer quadrant. | NA NA NA No significant difference between the arms at each assessed time point (p = 0.15-0.94); this was also the case with the duration of the reaction. | ? ? ? ? |
| Hoopfer et al. (2015): Three-arm randomized phase III trial: Quality aloe and placebo cream versus powder as skin treatment during breast cancer radiation therapy | Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity | Acute skin reactions
Were scored using a modified 10-point Catterall skin scoring profile. 1 no visible reaction 2 light erythema 3 moderate erythema 4 severe erythema 5 dry desquamation < 50% of irradiated area 6 dry desquamation > 50% of irradiated area 7 blistering present 8 moist desquamation < 50% of the irradiated area 9 moist desquamation > 50% of irradiated field 10 ulceration present The participants scored the severity of dryness, itchiness, burning, and pain using a 6-point Likert tool
| The severity followed the same sequence trajectory in all 3 arms with a peak effect commonly occurring within the first week after end of radiation, although for 10 patients, the peak reaction occurred at 2 weeks after radiation (7 in the aloe cream, 1 in the placebo cream, and 2 in the powder arm)
NI NI | ? ? ? |
| Lissoni et al. (1998): Biotherapy with the Pineal Immunomodulating Hormone Melatonin versus Melatonin plus Aloe vera in Untreatable Advanced Solid Neoplasms | Tumor response | The clinical response was evaluated according to WHO criteria, by repeating the radiological examinations at 2-month intervals.
WHO Gradiations: Complete response Partial response Stable disease Disease control Progressive disease | No objective tumor regression was achieved in the control arm. In contrast, 2/24 (8%) patients of the aloe arm had partial response. Stable disease was obtained in 12/24 (50%) patients of the aloe arm and in only 7/26 (27%) patients of the control arm.
There were significantly fewer patients with non-progressive disease in the aloe arm (14/24) compared to control arm (7/26), p<0.05. 7/24 (42%) patients of the aloe arm and 19/26 (73%) patients of the control arm had progressive disease. | ? |
| Lissoni et al. (2009): A Randomized Study of Chemotherapy versus Biochemotherapy with Chemotherapy plus Aloe arborescens in Patients with Metastatic Cancer | Tumor response Toxicity | The clinical response and toxicity were assessed according to WHO criteria. The clinical responses were radiologically evaluated after at least three cycles of chemotherapy by repeating the same radiological investigation used prior to the onset of chemotherapy, including CT scan, NMR and PET.
Complete response Partial response Stable disease Disease control Progressive disease | The percentages of complete responses and partial responses achieved in patients concomitantly treated with aloe were
significantly higher than in those who received chemotherapy alone: Aloe arm = 40/119 (34%) vs. Control arm = 23/121 (19%), p<0.01. VNR-induced constipation was significantly less frequent in the aloe arm than in the control arm: 3/17 (18%) vs. 12/17 (71% ), p<0.01. OXA-induced neurotoxicity, with paresthesic disturbances, was less frequent in patients who received aloe with respect to those treated with chemotherapy alone, but without statistically significant differences. | ? ? |
| Mansouri et al. (2016): The Effect of Aloe Vera Solution on Chemotherapy-Induced Stomatitis in Clients with Lymphoma and Leukemia: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Stomatitis Pain | The patients’ mouths were examined for stomatitis by two assistants on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 with WHO stomatitis intensity survey checklist:
0 = no stomatitis 1 = represents pain and erythema without wounds 2 = refers to the case where wound and erythema exist, but the patient is able to eat solid food 3 = is existence of extensive wound and erythema and inability to eat solid food 4 = mucosal bleeding, extensive inflammation, and complete inability to eat and drinkThe patients were asked to report their pain intensity by VAS, a 10cm ruler in which zero shows no pain and 10 represents intolerable pain. | Mean (SD) Stomatitis per arm:
Day Control arm Aloe arm Day 1 0.312(0.592) 0.125(0.336) p=0.178 Day 3 1.406(0.559) 0.500(0.508) p=0.001 Day 5 1.843(0.447) 0.937(0.504) p=0.001 Day 7 2.000(0.439) 1.125(0.553) p=0.001 Day 14 0.593(0.498) 0.938(0.296) p=0.001 Day 1 0.156(0.627) 0.001(0.001) p=0.154 Day 3 1.812(1.424) 0.187(0.737) p=0.001 Day 5 3.468(1.480) 0.781(1.337) p=0.001 Day 7 4.000(1.502) 1.125(1.431) p=0.001 Day 14 0.812(1.148) 0.031(0.176) p=0.001 | ? ? |
| Marucci et al. (2017): Double-blind randomized phase III study comparing a mixture of natural agents versus placebo in the prevention of acute mucositis during chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer | Toxicity Pain | During weekly visits patients underwent a structured interview and physical examination by both a nurse and a radiation oncologist. At each visit, the following items were scored: objective mucositis (CTCAE), functional mucositis (CTCAE) and dysphagia (CTCAE). During weekly visits patients underwent a structured interview and physical examination by both a nurse and a radiation oncologist. At each visit, the following items were scored: pain control (Verbal descriptor scale). Peak pain: (0) None (1) Slight (2) Moderate (3) Severe (4) Extreme (5) As bad as it can be | NI NI | ? ? |
| Olsen et al. (2001): The effect of aloe vera gel/mild soap versus mild soap alone in preventing skin reactions in patients undergoing radiation therapy | Toxicity | Nurses and physicians cunducted the skin weekly.
Morbidity score: 0 = No change 1 = Faint/dull erythema 2 = Bright erythema 3 = Moist desquamation 4 = Ulceration/necrosis | Erythema/itching/skin appearance/discolouration:
No differences between the arms. Time to skin changes due to cumulative radiation dose: ≤2,700cGy: No differences between the arms. >2,700cGy: Significantly longer time in the Aloe arm (median 5 weeks) until the appearance of skin changes compared to control arm (median 3 weeks), p=0.013. | ? |
| Puataweepong et. al (2009): The efficacy of oral Aloe vera juice for radiation induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled study | Mucositis Mucositis Mucositis | Incidence of severe mucositis
Severe mucositis was defined as the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) mucositis grade 2, 3, and 4. During radiation treatment, visual signs of mucositis were assessed two times per week by two radiation oncologists. After the complete course of radiation, the patients were assessed at the last radiation day and were asked to come for OPD visits for mucosal assessment at week 2 and 4 post-radiation
0 = no change over baseline 1 = injection, might experience mild pain not requiring analgesic 2 = patchy mucositis that produces an inflammatory serosanguinous discharge, might experience moderate pain requiring analgesic. 3 = confluent fibrinous mucositis; might include severe pain requiring narcotics 4 = ulceration, hemorrhage, necrosis. radiation breaks | ? NA Radiotherapy break due to mucositis: Aloe arm = 1 (3%) Placebo arm = 4 (13%) | ? ? ? |
| Sahebjamee et al. (2015): Comparative Efficacy of Aloe vera and Benzydamine Mouthwashes on Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis: A Triple-blind, Randomised, Controlled Clinical Trial | Mucositis | Burning sensation of the mouth and dysphagia of solid food or liquids were recorded based on the patient reports and erythema and ulcers were observed clinically during weekly visits.
0 = None 1 = Soreness ± erythema 2 = Erythema, ulcers, patient can swallow solid food 3 = Ulcers with extensive erythema, patient can not swallow solid food 4 = Mucositis to the extent that alimentation is not possible | No grade 4 was identified in both arms.
The mean time between the start of radiation and onset of early signs of mucositis was 15.6 days in the Aloe arm and 15.8 days in the placebo arm, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.97). The mean duration between beginning of radiation and maximum mucositis grade occurrence was 23.3 days in the Aloe arm and 23.5 days in the placebo arm, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.98). There was no significant difference between the arms in terms of mucositis grade changes over time (p = 0.09). | ? |
| Sahebnasagh et al. (2017): Successful Treatment of Acute Radiation Proctitis with Aloe Vera: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Toxicity Mental status/ function Quality of life Toxicity | Diarrhoea, proctitis, cystitis
Grades: 0 = No symptoms 1 = Minor symptomsrequiring no treatment 2 = Symptoms, that respond to simple outpatient management, and do not affect lifestyle 3 = Distressing symptoms affecting lifestyle; may necessitate hospital admissionor minor surgical intervention 4 = Major surgical intervention or long stay in the hospital necessary 5 = Fatal complications Grade 0 = Symptoms cause no effect on daily activity 1 = Symptoms cause inconveniences at least once a week 2 = Symptoms interfere with day-to-day activities more than once a week 3 = Symptoms interfere with routine activities on a daily basis 4 = Afraid to leave home with significant restriction in social life Symptoms: Bleeding; Diahrroe; Fecal urgency; Abdominal/rectal pain Possibile score range: 0-16
0 = Not present 1 = Minor symptoms not requiring medications 2 = Moderate disturbing symptoms alleviated by analgesic or anticholineric medication 3 = Significant symptoms with bowel movement 4 = Significant discomfort on rest or symptoms requiring hospitalization | Significantly lower RTOG toxicity score (p=0.0016) in the aloe arm compared to placebo arm.
Aloe arm: Baseline = 2.89 (2.1) to week 4 = 0.89 (1.0)
Placebo arm: Baseline 3.64 (1.4) to week 4 = 3.09 (1.3) The placebo arm had a decrease of symptoms from baseline = 4.2 (1.2) to week 4 = 3.5 (1.1). The difference in the clinical presentation scroe between the arms was statistically significant (p=0.008). Significantly less diarrhoea (p=0.008) and fecal urgency (p=0.027) in the aloe arm compared to placebo arm. | ? ? ? ? |
| Su et al. (2004): Phase II double-blind randomized study comparing oral aloe vera versus placebo to prevent radiation-related mucositis in patients with head-and-neck neoplasms | Mucositis Mucositis Mucositis Quality of life | Incidence of severe mucositis
Severe mucositis = grade 2, 3 or 4 mucositis of RTOG Biweekly, treating physicians evaluated patients for mucositis at 15 head-and-neck subsites using a 4-point grading scale. These subsites included the upper lip, lower lip, anterior oral cavity, posterior oral cavity, anterior tongue, posterior tongue, hard palate, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, skin, ear, salivary glands, and esophagus. On the biweekly examination days, patients filled out a quality of life questionnaire scoring their overall health, soreness, and the effect of soreness on daily activity (including brushing teeth, swallowing, and eating). A Scale of 1–10, with 10 best for health score and 0 worst for soreness score | Patients in the aloe arm had a lower maximal mucositis severity grade than patients in the placebo arm, but the difference was not statistically significant. Patients in the two arms did not have statistically significant differences in the duration of Grade 2 or worse mucositis during the radiation course. Patients in the two arms had the same outcomes along prolonged radiation breaks and overall treatment time. Although the quality of life values favoured the aloe group, the differences between the arms were not statistically significantly different. Compared with placebo patients, aloe patients had a lower probability of a 3 point or greater drop in their overall health quality of life score during radiation, although this difference between the arms was not statistically significant. | ? ? ? ? |
| Williams et al. (1996): Phase III double-blind evaluation of an aloe vera gel as a prophylactic agent for radiation-induced skin toxicity |
Hilft Aloe bei Mukositis?
| Results after intervention | Overall RoB judgment | |
|---|---|---|
| Jahangard-Rafsanjani et al. (2013): The efficacy of selenium in prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic SCT: a randomized clinical trial | NA No difference between selenium arm (26.92±6.26 days) and placebo arm (25.81±4.33 days); p=0.38 Overall: No difference between the arms; p= 0.35 No difference between the arms; p= 0.69 Overall: No difference between arms for increase in serum creatinine; p=0.31 or increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase: p=0.62 Significant difference in mean serum selenium level between two arms at 14 days after transplantation (8.34 mcg/dL in the selenium arm vs 7.36 mcg/dL in the placebo arm), p=0.018 Overall: Cumulative incidence (grade 1-4) comparable in both selenium arm (83.8%) and placebo arm (81.1%); p=0.76; grade 3-4 mucositis significantly lower in selenium arm (10.8%) compared to placebo arm (35.1%); p=0.013 (grade 4: 2x in placebo arm, 0x in selenium arm)
NA | some concerns some concerns some concerns some concerns some concerns some concerns high risk some concerns |
| Laali et al. (2020): Effect of Selenium on Incidence and Severity of Mucositis during Radiotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer | At the end of radiation (after 7 weeks) there was no difference in the mean serum selenium level between the selenium arm and placebo arm (p=0.24)
Based on the selenium level before radiation, developing severe oral mucositis was statistically significant postponed in patients who had selenium levels ≥ 65 mcg/L (p=0.04)
| NA high risk |
| Mix et al. (2015): Randomized phase II trial of selenomethionine as a modulator of efficacy and toxicity of chemoradiation in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck | Overall: No significant differences between arms (grade 3 intervention arm 2x, placebo arm 3x, no grade 4) Only one patient from the intervention arm did not reach CR and died After 12 months: No significant differences between arms After 12 months: No significant differences between arms No significant difference for week 6-8 post-treatment and Follow-up within a year Overall:
| some concerns low risk low risk low risk some concerns some concerns |
Schützt Aloe vor Hautentzündungen?
In welcher Dosis sollte man Ingwer bei Übelkeit einsetzen?
| Outcome name | Dosage and regime | |
|---|---|---|
| Ansari et al. (2016): Efficacy of Ginger in Control of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Doxorubicin- Based Chemotherapy | Nausea Vomiting | Daily dose 2x2 ginger capsules (250mg ginger powder each), every 12h for 3 days over 3 cycles, start not specified Daily dose 2x2 capsules, every 12h for 3 days over 3 cycles, start not specified |
| Fahimi et al. (2011): Evaluating the Effect of Zingiber Officinalis on Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Receiving Cisplatin Based Regimens | Nausea Vomiting | Four capsules of powdered ginger (Zintoma®, Gol Daru) daily (each capsule contained 250 mg of ginger) Four capsules of placebo (lactose) |
| Lua et al. (2015): Effects of inhaled ginger aromatherapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and health-related quality of life in women with breast cancer | Nausea Quality of life Unspecified effects | Antiemetics + bottle with 2 drops of ginger oil
Glass pendant (in the form of a small flask), to be hung approx. 20 cm from the nose, the bottle was held directly under the nose and inhaled deeply at least 3 times a day for 2 minutes each time Start: Day 1 of chemotherapy |
| Panahi et al. (2012): Effect of Ginger on Acute and Delayed Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Pilot, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial | Nausea and Vomiting Nausea and Vomiting Nausea and Vomiting | Daily dose 3x0.5g
Every 8h, starting 30min after chemotherapy Every 8h, starting 30min after Chemotherapy |
| Ryan et al. (2011): Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute chemotherapy-induced nausea: a URCC CCOP study of 576 patients | Nausea Nausea Quality of life Vomiting | 250mg 2x3 ginger capsules (liquid extract from ginger root in virgin olive oil + excipients, 1.5g ginger daily)
1.5g daily 2x3 placebo capsules |
| Sontakke et al. (2003): Ginger as an antiemetic in nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy: A randomized, cross-over, double blind study | Nausea Vomiting Vomiting Toxicity | Two capsules, each containing 500 mg of gin- ger powder, orally, 2 ml of normal saline IV, 20 min prior to chemotherapy. Two capsules of ginger were repeated after 6 h of cancer chemotherapy. 2 capsules of lactulose orally and injection metoclopramide 20 mg IV, 20 min prior to chemotherapy. Two capsules of 5 mg metoclopramide each, orally after 6 h 2 capsules of lactulose orally and injection ondansetron 4 mg IV, 20 min prior to chemotherapy and two capsules of ondansetron, 2 mg each, orally after 6 h. |
| Uthaipaisanwong et al. (2020): Effects of ginger adjunct to the standard prophylaxis on reducing carboplatin and paclitaxel-induced nausea vomiting: a randomized controlled study | Nausea Nausea Vomiting Toxicity | Daily dose 4x500mg before meals and one in the evening from day 1 to day 5 of chemotherapy
+ standard antiemetic medication included 20 mg of dexamethasone, 8 mg of ondansetron, and 50 mg of ranitidine which were injected 30 min before chemotherapy administration; if necessary 50mg dimenhydrinate before chemotherapy and 5 days at home |
| Zick et al. (2008): Phase II trial of encapsulated ginger as a treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting | Unspecified effects Nausea and Vomiting Nausea and Vomiting Toxicity | 8 capsules daily 1.0-g ginger dose, - Each capsule contained 250 mg dry extract of ginger root [10:1 (v/v) extraction solvent (ethanol 50%)/root] standard- ized to 15 mg (5%) of total gingerols
- four capsules ginger and four capsules placebo daily |